CNTF and glaucoma: Glaucoma involves transneuronal degeneration of the posterior structures along the central visual pathway, as the neurotrophic factor like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CTNF), and metabolites like choline plays a significant part in it.[34] The volume of primary visual cortex and visual pathway including LGN, V1, lingual gyrus and calcarine fissure decreases indicating the atrophy of these structures.