INS and diabetes mellitus: IR – defined as reduced insulin sensitivity in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue – is a central pathophysiological driver of T2DM.[9] The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, calculated from fasting triglyceride and glucose concentrations, has been validated as a simple and reliable surrogate marker of IR.[10] Studies have shown that elevated TyG values are associated with a higher risk of developing diabetes.[11–13]