In regard to the suppressive effect of FXR/HVEM axis on antitumor CD8+ T cells, we investigated whether targeting the immune checkpoint HVEM/BTLA complex could evoke antitumor immunity and produce antitumor activity in the context of FXRhiPD-L1lo NSCLC in vivo. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.