The key pathways to come out of this analysis were those of IGF-1 and TGF-β signalling modulation, particularly through expression of LTBP4, HTRA4, CILP, IGFBP5, and IGFBP6. Extensive literature exists surrounding the role of both signalling pathways in RA. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.