In parallel, a study by Kim et al. [17] demonstrated that cytotoxic BAs accumulate in the liver of FXR−/− mice, thereby inducing the inflammatory signal Interleukin (IL)-1β, which indirectly leads to the expression of the cell proliferation gene β-catenin and its target gene, myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc), ultimately causing the development of HCC. This evidence concerns the gene NR1H4 and hepatocellular carcinoma.