When combining intratumoral and peritumoral features, the performance metrics in the testing set for identifying HER2-low from HER2-positive cancers included an AUC of 0.767 (95 % CI: 0.645–0.890), a sensitivity of 80.7 %, a specificity of 72.7 %, and an accuracy of 78.5 % (Table 4, Fig. 4E-F). The gene discussed is ERBB2; the disease is cancer.