The STHLM3 risk score is a PCa screening tool that combines information on age, total PSA, free PSA, human-kallikrein 2, previous biopsy results, family history of PCa, and genetic markers to assess an individual's risk of clinically significant PCa (csPCa; Gleason score ≥3 + 4). The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.