TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis: To compare the efficacy of MitoQ and coenzyme Q in mitigating oxidative stress and improving pulmonary fibrosis, WML-2 cells were treated with bleomycin or TGF-β1, while concurrent administrating either MitoQ or coenzyme Q. MitoQ significantly reduced the bleomycin-induced upregulation of α-SMA, COL1α, and TGF-β1 (Figure 4A), while coenzyme Q at an equivalent concentration only inhibited COL1α (Figure 4B).