ANXA1 promotes Th1 differentiation by upregulating T-bet and IFN-γ, whereas its effects on Th17 cells involve restricting IL-17 in Th17-associated diseases such as uveitis, yet promoting Th17 accumulation in other conditions like experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (Kelly et al., 2022). The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is uveitis.