The violin plots underscored this finding, showcasing elevated S100A8/A9 gene expression levels in distinct MP/DC subsets, with S100A8 expressed in monocytes and S100A9 mostly monocytes and macrophages, suggesting that these proteins could be implicated in the heightened inflammatory response observed in AF (Figure 2E). The gene discussed is IGKV1D-22; the disease is atrial fibrillation.