Moreover, KCs isolated from PBC mice showed increased surface RAE-1 protein expression and cytokine secretion, which subsequently activated NK cell-mediated target cell killing via Natural Killer Group 2 Member D (NKG2D)/Retinoic Acid Early Transcript 1 (RAE-1) recognition, increased inflammation, and fibrosis (150). The gene discussed is RAE1; the disease is primary biliary cholangitis.