Figure 6A illustrates the relative proportions of immune cell subsets, indicating significant alterations in the SSc group. The CIBERSORT algorithm was employed to calculate the proportions of 22 immune cell types in each sample from the GSE181549 dataset. Notably, several immune cells, including activated CD4+ memory T cells, activated NK cells, M1 macrophages, and both resting and activated dendritic cells and mast cells, exhibited significantly increased infiltration in the SSc group compared to controls (Figure 6B). Here, CD4 is linked to systemic sclerosis.