In contrast, prednisolone only significantly reduced the plasma levels of murine Cxcl9 [an IFNγ-induced chemokine contributing to morphological and clinical features of RA (Ruschpler et al., 2003)] and decreased the expression of Cxcl13, Saa1 and IFNG, suggesting that infliximab acts both locally and systemically in NSG-RA mice, whereas prednisolone mostly has a local effect on inflammation. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL13 and rheumatoid arthritis.