Compared to the other subtypes, we found that chaotic had significantly higher relative abundances of two classes of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), including the fibroblasts expressing COL10A1 (COL10A1+) and fibroblasts expressing COL4A1 (COL4A1+), and was depleted of non-malignant fibroblasts. Here, COL4A1 is linked to cancer.