TNF and infection: Prior to infection, animals that had been stimulated with live dpB (group 3) had higher IFN-γ (Figure 3D), IL1-β (Figure 3C) TNF-α (Figure 3B) and IL-6 (Figure 3A) values than the group of inactivated dpB stimulated animals (group 1) or the infection controls (that had not been stimulated) (group 5).