TGFB1 and colorectal carcinoma: Their ability to target key signaling pathways involved in CRC progression, such as the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), positions them as promising agents for chemoprevention and adjunctive therapy (3, 4).