In contrast to earlier polyphenol studies that focused narrowly on BDNF activation, the broader pathway engagement observed here suggests that flavonoids may offer more robust synaptic resilience.4 This suggests that the ability of flavonoids to target multiple molecular pathways simultaneously makes them particularly advantageous for treating complex neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, where several mechanisms of cognitive decline occur together.40 This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.