In cancers including but not limited to gastric, colorectal, ovarian, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell carcinoma, inflammation-related indicators such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) have demonstrated significant predictive value for tumor aggressiveness and prognosis (Bagley et al., 2017; Luo et al., 2019; Meng et al., 2021; Numakura et al., 2024; Winata et al., 2024). Here, CRP is linked to neoplasm.