After demonstrating the beneficial effects of intramyocardial treatment with Chrdl1 immediately post-MI to prevent CF, we harnessed the power of longitudinal molecular MRI to tested the effects of systemic treatment with Chrdl1 administered at 1 week after MI when fibrosis is already established and fibrillogenesis is ongoing (Figure 3A). Here, CHRDL1 is linked to cystic fibrosis.