To further understand the specific cellular status of esophageal granular cell tumors, we performed an in-depth analysis of the tumor and its paraneoplastic tissues in this patient using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), which showed that neural-like cell subpopulations were enriched in the tumor, and genes such as SOX10, S100B, NCAM1, SPP1, and STMN1 were significantly upregulated. The gene discussed is SPP1; the disease is esophageal granular cell tumor.