CHCHD2 and breast carcinoma: Furthermore, the role of CHCHD2 in apoptosis prevention has been confirmed in adrenal tumors (Karapanagioti et al., 2023), non-small cell lung cancer (Yin et al., 2020; Wei et al., 2015), glioblastoma (Lumibao et al., 2023), and breast cancer (Ma et al., 2020), although the mechanisms of action vary among these contexts.