IL1B and Sepsis: THCQ reduces key inflammatory factors in sepsis, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, inhibits oxidative stress, and alleviates iron overload, indicating its multiple protective mechanisms in mitigating the inflammatory cascade of sepsis (Deng M. et al., 2024; Lu S. M. et al., 2024; Han X. et al., 2023).