Such IFN-centric inflammatory responses are thought to be the cause of the increase in MDA5 positivity tests (+ 4,8%), the rise of ground-glass opacities and pulmonary fibrosis in ILD patients, and the increase of cutaneous manifestations, Raynaud’s phenomena and proximal myopathy in the non-ILD patients observed during the peak in COVID-19 cases in 2021 in Yorkshire, UK. Here, IFNA1 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.