Moreover, ILC1s themselves have been shown to secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CXCL8/IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in several cancer types, including HCC, CRC, and lung cancer, further promoting angiogenesis and tumor progression (Figure 1H) (168, 174). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and lung carcinoma.