Further, PD cases attributed to PINK1 are known to share core features with idiopathic PD, including progressive dysregulation and neurodegeneration in key neurotransmitter systems, abnormal α-synuclein accumulation and progressive motor deficits (Gonçalves and Morais, 2021; Kasten et al., 2018; Ryan et al., 2015). Here, PINK1 is linked to Parkinson disease.