Additionally, phenolic metabolites (e.g., salvianolic acid B from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge [Lamiaceae] in “blood-activating” patches) demonstrate anti-inflammatory/antioxidant effects by scavenging ROS and inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), potentially mitigating post-stroke edema and neuronal damage to indirectly restore swallowing pathways (Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association, 2011). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and Stroke.