CXCL1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: qPCR and ELISA results revealed significant downregulation of CCL5 expression in ESCC cells with ZC3H13 knockout (Figures 6A–C), while the expression of CXCL1, CXCL6, CXCL14, and CXCL16 showed minimal changes (Figure 6D).