The RIG-I receptor pathway is critical for recognizing viral RNA and triggering innate immune responses,[35] while NOD-like receptors recognize bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activate inflammatory responses.[36] The IL-17 signaling pathway is a pro-inflammatory pathway involved in various autoimmune diseases, including SLE.[37] In CRC, abnormal immune responses in the tumor microenvironment may be influenced by EPHB2’s involvement in these immune-related pathways, potentially modulating the tumor immune microenvironment. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.