Intriguingly, B. acidifaciens has been found to prevent obesity in mice by promoting various hormones, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)82 and to alleviate concanavalin A-induced liver injury by blocking CD95 signalling83, although these studies have been performed in the absence of HFCS feeding. This evidence concerns the gene FAS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.