ATF6 and colonic neoplasm: The expression of the ER‐stress‐associated genes was performed in colon cancer cell lines (Caco‐2, SW480, SW620 and HCT116), and the results showed that 4‐PBA was potent in reducing the expression levels of the ER‐stress markers GRP78, XBP1, PERK, PDI, and ATF6, as shown in (Figure 8a–d), signifying that 4‐PBA might be a potent candidate in resolving the misfolded or unfolded proteins.