Immunohistochemistry for immune receptor translocation-associated protein 1 (IRTA1) and myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) may aid in diagnosis by distinguishing mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) gastric lymphoma from chronic gastritis or reactive lymphocyte hyperplasia, and is also used to exclude non-cutaneous primary disease from PNMZL.30 However, these immunohistochemical stains are not available in South Africa. This evidence concerns the gene FCRL4 and hyperplasia.