In an Alzheimer’s disease model using amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice, TSA inhibited HDACs activity, increased histone acetylation levels, and downregulated Cystatin F-mediated microglial inflammation, significantly alleviating anxiety and depression-like behaviors in the APP/PS1 mice (Su et al., 2024) (Table 1). The gene discussed is APP; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.