TGF-β initiates the release of profibrotic mediators, such as plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), α-SMA, and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), driving fibrosis, which affects all kidney compartments with glomerular fibrosis, referred to as glomerulosclerosis [79,80,81]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is glomerulosclerosis.