TNF and polycystic ovary syndrome: PCOS participants had a significantly higher BMI (25.2 vs. 19.9 kg/m2, p < 0.0001) and elevated levels of salivary biomarkers, including testosterone (41.81 vs. 28.74 pg/mL, p < 0.0001), TNF-α (16.69 vs. 12.04 pg/mL, p < 0.0001), IL-6 (9.46 vs. 5.93 pg/mL, p < 0.0001), and IL-1β (170.82 vs. 126.46 pg/mL, p < 0.0001).