In another study that aimed to characterize the clinical and immunological impact that PJP and its treatment have in patients with advanced HIV (CD4+ count ≤ 100 cells/μL) who were starting ART, scientists concluded that males were more likely to have been diagnosed with PJP than females (odds ratio [OR], 2.68; 95% CI, 1.34–5.38; p = 0.004) [25]. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is pneumocystosis.