NFKB1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Furthermore, antioxidant therapies present a promising avenue for mitigating the detrimental effects associated with obesity by potentially modulating downstream inflammatory signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB or NLRP3 inflammasome), influencing lipid metabolism enzymes (like those involved in ceramide synthesis or breakdown), and restoring redox-sensitive cellular signaling cascades.