MMP14 and neoplasm: To identify the most effective DNA aptamer for facilitating targeted uptake in pancreatic cancer cells, four candidates were selected based on their reported high affinities for tumor-associated surface proteins: AS1411 (anti-nucleolin), XQ-2D (anti-transferrin receptor 1), AP1153 (anti-cholecystokinin B receptor), and M17 (anti-matrix metalloproteinase 14) (Figure 1A, Table 1).