Maida et al. noted that TNF-α and IL-1β are among the earliest cytokines to rise after ischemic stroke, driving leukocyte adhesion, BBB breakdown, and neuronal death, while IL-6 displays context-dependent effects, acting as a pro-inflammatory factor in the acute phase but exerting neurotrophic and reparative functions later [20]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and ischemic stroke.