Besides, phthalates, as classic EDCs, can interfere with the negative feedback regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by competitively binding to estrogen receptors, thyroid hormone receptors [44], etc. The above research results all indicate the influence of phthalates in depression and the results of molecular docking also confirmed this point. Here, ESR1 is linked to depressive disorder.