JUN and cancer: The molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance of cancer cells are complex and include the neutralization of ornithine decarboxylase antizymes [72], the regulation of cholesterol synthesis [73], the upregulation of P-glycoprotein and Bcl-2 [77], the activation of DNA damage repair [78], and c-Jun signaling, AXL transcription, and activation of the Erk-mediated pathway, as well.