Different studies evaluated the mechanisms of bone disease in diabetes involving the key pathway of bone remodeling as the Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β (RANK)/Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathway, WNT pathway [27], etc. In this review, the attention was focused on Vitamin D, Incretins, Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), neurotensin, asprosin, irisin, and TXNIP. This evidence concerns the gene FNDC5 and diabetes mellitus.