Additionally, asperuloside lowered mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in both the hypothalamus and liver and reduced plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), another adipokine associated with inflammation, impaired fibrinolysis, and insulin resistance [152]. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINE1 and Insulin resistance.