A study by Chen et al. on 55 post-hepatectomy patients with early HCC, diagnosed according to the 2009 classifications of the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan and the International Consensus Group for Hepatocellular Neoplasia, showed that the 5-year DFS rate was significantly lower in patients with GPC3-positive early HCC (27%) than in patients with GPC3-negative early HCC (62%) [55]. The gene discussed is GPC3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.