In a study with 90 Egyptian subjects (30 with cirrhosis, 30 with HCC, and 30 healthy volunteers), serum CK18 levels were significantly elevated in HCC cases (1247.8 ± 105.3 U/L) than those in cirrhotic patients (834.1 ± 38.8 U/L) and healthy volunteers (265.2 ± 83.1 U/L), with a diagnostic sensitivity of 95.6% and specificity of 93.3% for HCC detection. This evidence concerns the gene KRT18 and hepatocellular carcinoma.