ESR1 and breast cancer: Of particular interest as an anticancer therapeutic agent, it has demonstrated efficacy against breast cancer, where it has been shown to inhibit the growth of ER+ MCF-7 cells and impede the migration and invasion of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) SKBR-3 breast cancer cells by suppressing NF-κB-dependent CXCR4 expression [109].