MSC-mediated protection against apoptosis has been reported in other cancer types and is often attributed to the secretion of anti-apoptotic cytokines such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and leptin [48], or via exosome-mediated delivery of survival signals such as miR-410 [49], miR-21 and miR-34a [50]. This evidence concerns the gene IGF1 and cancer.