VEGFA and endometriosis: , for endometriosis treatment are vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), estrogen receptor-1 (ESR1), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)‐1, and interleukin-2 (IL‐2), which exert pathological effects on the adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis of ectopic endometrial tissue within the pelvic and abdominal cavities in endometriosis [21].