Several studies have reported that the infection of various VACV strains, such as WR (Ma et al., 2020), VG9 (Yang et al., 2019), VV-Onco oncolytic strain (Jia et al., 2016; Yu et al., 2024; Zhang et al., 2024) and Lister-dTK oncolytic strain (Whilding et al., 2013), induces LC3 lipidation and LC3-positive puncta formation. Here, MAP1LC3A is linked to infection.