INS and hyperuricemia: Additionally, DWMH exhibited stronger correlations with diabetes (47.0% vs. 34.8%, p = 0.009) and hyperuricemia (29.5% vs. 21.0%, p = 0.04) compared to PWMH (diabetes p = 0.04), likely mediated by synergistic blood–brain barrier disruption from insulin resistance and oxidative stress.