HMOX1 and diabetes mellitus: Previous studies have indicated that H2S decreases NLRP3 protein expression, attenuates cardiac dysfunction and injury in diabetic rats (40), and ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction via regulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) axis and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in diabetic rats (41).