IL6 and COVID-19: While sepsis can also trigger cytokine storms and immune dysregulation (Regolo et al., 2023; Chaudhry et al., 2013; Jarczak & Nierhaus, 2022), COVID-19 exhibits a more stereotyped hyperinflammation pattern driven predominantly by SARS-CoV-2-specific mechanisms (e.g., IL-6/IL-1β dominance, endothelial injury).